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High accuracy measurements of dry mole fractions of carbon dioxide and methane in humid air

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (2013) 6(3) 837-860
DOI: 10.5194/amt-6-837-2013
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Abstract

Traditional techniques for measuring the mole fractions of greenhouse gases in the well-mixed atmosphere have required dry sample gas streams (dew point

Figures

  • Fig. 1. Schematic for the setup of Method #1, used by MPI-Jena, NOAA, and LSCE.
  • Fig. 2: Schematics of the setup for Method #2 (NOAA / MPI implementation). The water 2 droplet is injected through a tee connector before the hydrophobic membrane filter. The 3 components enclosed in a dashed rectangle are optional, and are used to verify the droplet 4 method. 5
  • Fig. 3: Schematic for the setup of Method #2 (Empa implementation) 2
  • Fig. 4: Left: Example of CO2 and H2O measured during a water vapor interference 2 experiment as described above for a G2401 analyzer. The red data are 1min-averages of the 3 raw CO2 data reported the instrument, and the orange curve displays the water vapor 4 corrected CO2 data based on the fitting parameters determined by this experiment. Right: 5 Experimentally derived (CO2)wet (blue circles) vs. water reported mole fractions and fitted 6 correction function (orange). Residuals from the fit (gray points) are shown on the right axis, 7 along with the WMO/GAW goals (green dashed lines). 8
  • Fig. 5: Schematic for the setup of Method #2 (Picarro implementation). 2 3 Fig. 5. Schematic for the setup of Method #2 (Picarro implementation).
  • Fig. 6. Water vapour comparisons between the analysers indicated in the legend and the CFADS37 analyser. Shown are the differences of (H2O)rep from the respective analyser and the CFADS37, against the (H2O)rep rom the CFADS37 analyser. The dashed lines indicate the 125 ppm H2O differences.
  • Fig. 7: Results from wet-dry experiments using method #1 at MPI Jena for CO2 (left) and CH4 2 (right). Shown are differences of dry measurements and corrected wet measurements using 3 the Chen et al. (2010) coefficients. Dashed lines indicate the compatibility goals set by the 4 WMO (2011). Mole fractions ranged between 380 ppm and 430 ppm for CO2 and between 5 1800 ppb and 2000 ppb for CH4. 6
  • Fig. 8: Results from water droplet tests at NOAA Boulder for CO2 (top) and CH4 (bottom). 2 Shown are differences of dry measurements and corrected wet measurements using the Chen 3 et al. (2010) coefficients (without rescaling water vapor). Different symbols indicate different 4 instruments. Dashed lines indicate the compatibility goals set by the WMO (2011). Mole 5 fractions ranged between 360 ppm and 390 ppm for CO2 and between 1700 ppb and 1900 ppb 6 for CH4. 7

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CITATION STYLE

APA

Rella, C. W., Chen, H., Andrews, A. E., Filges, A., Gerbig, C., Hatakka, J., … Zellweger, C. (2013). High accuracy measurements of dry mole fractions of carbon dioxide and methane in humid air. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 6(3), 837–860. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-837-2013

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