The interaction between BMI, lifestyle factors and seven obesity related polymorphisms in Caucasian adults

Abstract

Introduction: The interactions between polymorphisms in several genes and lifestyle factors influence obesity development and management. Methods: N=133 volunteers (BMI>27) participated in the study. SNPs investigated: FABP2 Ala54Thr, INSIG2 rs7566605, FTO rs1421085, FTO rs17817449, ADRB3 Trp64Arg, ADRB2 Arg16Gly, GNB3 C825T, PPARgamma2 Pro12Ala. Life-style assessments included diet, physical activity, general psychological health (GHQ), self-esteem, depression and eating behaviour (TFEQ). Statistical analysis involved t-tests, ANOVA and regression analysis. Results: The mean BMI was 35.2kg/m2. Significant effects of genotype on interaction between BMI and lifestyle: Strong decreased BMI associated with increased leisure-time activity for GNB3 and INSIG2 wild-type genotypes. Strong decreased BMI associated with increased leisure-time and work activity for PPARgamma2 heterozygotes. Strong increased BMI associated with increased energy dense snack intake for GNB3 wild-type genotype and increased GHQ score for FTO rs1421085 wild-type genotype. Strong decreased BMI associated with increased self-regulation (TFEQ) for FTO rs1421085 wild-type genotype and increased flexible control (TFEQ) for ADRB2 wild-type genotype. Increase BMI associated with strong increased situational disinhibition (TFEQ) in mutant genotype of INSIG2. Conclusion: It may be useful to screen select SNPs to personalize weight management guidelines. E.g. individuals with wild-type genotype of INSIG2, GNB3 or the Pro12Ala genotype of PPARgamma2 may benefit from increased physical activity. Subjects with wild-type genotype of GNB3 may benefit from increased physical activity and decreased intake of energy dense snacks; these strategies may not work in mutant allele carriers. Subjects with wild-type genotype of FTO rs1421085 may benefit from improved self-regulation of disinhibition and general psychological health.