Phosphorus release from anoxic sediments: what we know and how we can deal with it

Abstract

An attempt is made to classify lakes that are especially prone to high internal phosphorus load derived from anoxic sediment surfaces. Morphometric, hydrological and geochemical characteristics of lakes with high internal P load are discussed. For example a lake with a mean depth between 5 and 12 m and an averagc flushing rate is a candidate for internal P load, especially if sediment P concentration is elevated due to eutrophication. Measures for remediation are presented like hypolimnetic withdrawal, aeration and chemical precipitation.