Patellofemoral instability

Abstract

Patellofemoral instability is one of the more frequent diseases affecting this joint, specially in young patients. Thus, a review on this subject was carried out to offer a general approach from the anatomical features of this joint. The more significant elements of the biomechanics are showed including the articular geometry, alignment and behavior of ligaments and muscles. The classic radiological signs are showed using the conventional X-rays divided into four groups or modalities according to the Dejour's classification as well as the significance of computerized axial tomography and the nuclear magnetic resonance. To conclude, some treatment modalities are mentioned including the conservative one and those of surgical treatment are analyzed as well as its indications including the lateral retinaculum release, the medial imbrication, the distal re-alignment, trochlea plastic surgery and movement of tibial tuberosity towards a more medial and anterior zone.