Hyperthyroidism

Abstract

Hyperthyroidism has multiple etiologies, manifestations, and potential therapies and untreated cases may result in significant morbidity and mortality. Appropriate treatment requires an accurate diagnosis and is influenced by age, coexisting medical conditions and patient preference. The proper treatment of hyperthyroidism depends on recognition of the signs and symptoms of the disease and determination of the etiology. The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease. Other common causes include toxic multinodular goiter, toxic adenomas, thyroiditis and certain medications. The diagnostic workup should begin with a thyroidstimulating hormone level test, the most sensitive screening test. There are many therapeutic modalities of hyperthyroidism and selection of these modalities depend upon the age, cause, prevailing medical condition and patient’s preference. This chapter will provide an overview of hyperthyroidism in non-pregnant adults.