Optimal Maintenance of the Electric Vehicle Battery Storage Level in Prosumer Power Network

Abstract

Previous passive electricity consumers by the integration of the renewable energy sources in their possession are becoming consumers with their own generation, or so-called prosumers. Current market conditions stimulate the prosumer to use the produced electricity from his own power plant mainly for his own needs because the surplus electricity that he delivers to the power network is paid at a much lower price than the one at which the customer pays for the consumed electricity. Owning an electric vehicle gives the prosumer an additional opportunity to optimally use the produced electricity from their own sources. This paper presents two models for maintaining the battery charge level of an electric vehicle in combination with expected electricity generation from photovoltaic system. The first model enables optimal maintenance of the battery storage level of the electric vehicle by applying only charging process, while the second model enables the charge and discharge of the electric vehicle battery while being connected to household power network. The models have the possibility of single-level and two-level charging power. The model with two levels of charging power gives better results in terms of optimal maintenance of the charge level of the battery storage. The charging and discharging model shows the advantages of maintaining the charge level in terms of savings. The simulations are conducted for one summer and one winter day.