Adult Spinal Deformity

Abstract

Adult spinal deformity may occur as a result of worsening adolescent spinal conditions, in the setting of advanced spondylosis and as a consequence of compression fractures. Clinically symptomatic spinal deformity, where pain or neurological symptoms affect daily activities and function, warrants treatment. In some cases, more extensive deformities may impact respiratory function as well as eating. Depending on the degree of curvature, initial treatment can consist of physical therapy, muscle relaxers and nonsteroidal medications, as well as injections. If non-operative treatment is not successful, surgery may be considered in select circumstances. Surgery may represent more of a first-line treatment in the event that respiratory or gastric function is compromised, or when progressive neurologic deficits occur in conjunction with spinal deformities. In adult patients with fixed deformities, surgery often includes a spinal osteotomy with instrumented fusion.