Superior cycle stability of single crystal nickel-rich layered oxides with micron-scale grain size as cathode material for lithium ion batteries

Abstract

Ni-rich layered transition metal (TM) oxides are being aggressively developed, due to their high volumetric energy density. However, the severe capacity fading hinders their practical applications such as electric vehicles. As reported, grain boundary of primary particles is expected to play an important role in the performance degradation. Here, single crystal LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NCM, S811) with a grain size of 1-4 μm was synthesized by controlling the Li/TM ratio and two-step calcination. Compared with the common agglomerated NCM811 (A811), S811 exhibited the similar initial specific capacity of 198.9 mAh /g at 0.1 C, but much higher capacity retention (96.2% after150 cycles). Further investigations, including morphology analysis, electrochemical tests and observation of internal variation, were carried out to further understand the superiority of S811. The superior performance could be attributed to the better structure stability of single crystal with larger size, which could introduce more Ni2+ in the outer layer for inhibiting the phase transformation (H2?H3) and side reactions on the interfaces. This work may provide a promising strategy for long-term cycling stability of nickel-rich NCM-type lithium ion battery.