Structural Transition and Electrical Properties of (1 − x)(Na0.4K0.1Bi0.5)TiO3-xSrTiO3 Lead-Free Piezoceramics

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Abstract

(1 − x)(Na0.4K0.1Bi0.5)TiO3-xSrTiO3 (NKBT-xST) ceramics with x = 0 mol.%, 3 mol.%, and 5 mol.% (0ST, 3ST, and 5ST) have been prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction method and their ferroelectric, electrostrictive, and pyroelectric properties investigated. Addition of ST considerably disrupted the long-range ferroelectric order of NKBT-xST ceramics, and the 5ST ceramic exhibited ergodic relaxor phase structure. TFR shifted to near or below room temperature for 5ST ceramic, accompanied by a significant decline of ferroelectricity and enhanced strain. As the temperature approached TFR, the NKBT-xST ceramics exhibited predominantly electrostrictive effect, and the 5ST ceramic presented relatively high electrostrictive coefficient Q33 of 0.0193 m4/C2. High pyroelectric response was observed for 0ST, 3ST, and 5ST ceramics in the vicinity of TFR due to the large polarization release during the ferroelectric–relaxor structural transition. The 5ST ceramic exhibited high and frequency-insensitive (100 Hz to 10 kHz) room-temperature pyroelectric properties with pyroelectric coefficient p of 656 μC m−2 K−1 and figures of merit Fi, Fv, and Fd reaching 233 pm/V, 0.013 m2/C, and 7.61 μPa−1/2, respectively, indicating that 5ST ceramic is a promising candidate to replace PZT-based ceramics.

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Liu, X., Zhai, J., Shen, B., Li, F., & Li, P. (2017). Structural Transition and Electrical Properties of (1 − x)(Na0.4K0.1Bi0.5)TiO3-xSrTiO3 Lead-Free Piezoceramics. Journal of Electronic Materials, 46(10), 5553–5562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-017-5648-9

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