Nexus of Climate Change with Fish Production and Its Implications on Livelihood and Nutritional Security

Abstract

Fish being one of the major sources of protein and essential nutrients plays a crucial role in ensuring the nation's food security and also generates livelihood opportunities for a significant portion of the populace especially poor resource-limited marginal fishers often belonging to the vulnerable communities. Availability of an ideal aquatic environment is the limiting factor that regulates the outcomes from the sector as a result a changing climate poses serious multifaceted threats—both direct and indirect to this enterprise. Adaptation to these changes is required for both impact assessment and employing policies to minimize the impact. The impact of climate change on the socio-economics of the fishers is going to be area-specific and therefore specialized adaptation strategies and need-based capacity building are going to prove more fruitful rather than a generalized one, which accentuates the requirements of literature that provides an idea about the nature of changes, their possible impacts, and finally adapting strategies. This chapter highlights the impacts of the changes in climate on both the ecological and socio-economical aspects of fisheries and aquaculture and also directs towards possible adapting strategies that could be beneficial for policy making.