A simple green reduction strategy to substitute cadmium in analytical reduction of nitrate in griess–ilosvay method

Abstract

Nitrate is an abundant ion that is present in many industrialized products and the environment. Various analytical methods have been described using the Griess-Ilosvay reagent for the determination of nitrate in different matrices after its reduction to nitrite, in most cases with metallic cadmium as the reducer. This work proposes a new method using aluminum spheres coated with a copper film for this reduction. To optimize the method, it was important to evaluate the conditions for the deposition of the copper film on the aluminum spheres, using a Doehlert matrix. The optimized method provided an analytical range from 2.0 to 100 μmol L-1, with a coefficient of determination of 0.9996 and a standard deviation of residuals (sres) of 7.59 x 10-4. The Limits of Detection and Quantification were 0.59 and 2.0 μmol L-1 respectively. The method was applied using mineral water samples and was shown to provide repeatability less than 6.98% and accuracy obtained through recovery essays between 81.1 and 104.6% for the determination of nitrate in this type of sample.