Design of Smart Irrigation System in Sone Command Area Bihar for Paddy Crop

Abstract

In Sone Command Area of Bihar, India, 80% of population relies on growing paddy crops which in turn depend mainly on supply of right quantity of water at the right time. In the old conventional system of farming, there is a large wastage of water and also causes damage to the crops due to inadequate or over supply of water. Further, currently there is no provision to handle the flooding of field due to heavy rainfall. Also, farmers are not able to accommodate themselves for changing environmental conditions such as temperature, rainfall and wind speed that dramatically affect the quantity of water needed to sustain the paddy crop. If these elements are monitored, then the crop yield will be maximized with the minimum use of water. All these problems can be solved by the help of smart irrigation system. Hence, this paper proposes an Android App smart irrigation system for paddy crops which provides a promising solution to the paddy growing farmers whose presence in the field is not compulsory during cultivation as required in conventional system. To develop the system, Raspberry Pi 4 microcontroller, water level sensors, relays and DC motors are used. Android mobile App has been developed to send all real-time information to farmers, once the farmer registered themselves through the mobile OTP. The farmer has to enter only the sowing date, after that the entire system operates automatically such as supply of required quantity of water plus checking of flooding of water in field in case of rainfall.