Serological indicators of Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients and healthy blood donors

Abstract

The levels of IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies reacting with two Helicobacter pylori antigens (glycine acid extract (GE) and a recombinant CagA protein) were determined in the sera from adult dyspeptic patients, positive (H.p.((+))) or negative (H.p.((-))) for H. pylori urease/culture, and from healthy blood donors. All sera were also examined against GE by Western blot (immunoblot) technique. Similar levels of anti-GE IgG were detected in the sera from all H.p.((+)) and almost all H.p.((-)) patients and from over 40% of the healthy volunteers. In contrast, higher levels of anti-GE IgA were found in the sera from patients than that from healthy subjects, although such antibodies were not detected in the sera from 30% of the H.p.((+)) patients. In general, our results suggest that a combination of ELISA and immunoblot may be more sensitive in the detection of H. pylori infection in dyspeptic patients than the examination of biopsy specimens by culturing or histology.