Earth as a Construction Material for Sustainable 3D Printing: Rheological Aspect

Abstract

The construction industry is one of the prime users of global resources and a major contributor to global environmental impacts. Moving to a clean, cir- cular economy can facilitate achieving the European Green Deal objectives, such as minimum environmental impacts, net-zero CO2 emissions, and zero waste. 3D Printing technologies have been mainly used to create cementitious-based construction components. On the other hand, the earth is an eco-friendly natural material, used as a construction material since ancient times, though the investi- gation of the physical and mechanical behavior of earth-based composites for 3D Printing has been limited. This work aims to explore the rheology of earth-based material to better understand its viability to be used as construction material for 3D Printing. Keywords: