Integrated operation of distributed resources to enhance frequency regulation in an isolated microgrid environment

Abstract

There is a growing concern to be self-sufficient and reduce the dependency on external power generating sources to satisfy the energy demands. Issues such as integrated operation of these power sources without having a dedicated storage system with enhanced frequency regulation is to be addressed. In this paper, the distributed generating sources like solar photovoltaic, diesel generator, fuel cells and electric vehicles are considered. Electric vehicle participation in the frequency regulation comes with constraints on state of charge of the battery and availability of the vehicle. An adaptive-additive algorithm is proposed for performing energy resource management and to maintain the frequency within the allowable band during transient and steady state system conditions. Load variation and EV-fleet availability variations are considered in the paper for understanding the system’s response to frequency changes by performing small-signal-analysis. The results show coordinated and satisfactory response of the system to maintain frequency regulation. Economic viability is also focused in the paper.