Evaluation of the symmetry of lower limbs symmetry loading and body composition as elements of monitoring of health-related behaviours among professionally active nurses

Abstract

The study purpose was to assess the body composition and distribution of foot forces on the ground in nurses. A group of 72 participants was qualified in the study including professionally active nurses (study group, n = 29) and nursing students (control group, n = 43). The lower limb load assessment was carried out using the baropodometric platform, while the body composition was measured using the electrical bioimpedance device. Moreover, a brief questionnaire designed by the authors was carried out three months after research completion. The mean visceral fat index in the study group was significantly higher than in the control group, respectively 5.48kg and 1.79kg (p < 0.0001). The mean total body water was significantly lower in the study group, than in the control, respectively 49.06% and 54.56% (p < 0.0001). The forefoot overload was more frequent in both groups and the centre of gravity was shifted in the same direction. The ground peak pressure point was higher in the control group than in the study, respectively 67.4% and 55.2% without statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). It was observed that 97.1% of respondents considered the body composition measurement to be useful and 68.6% considered the information given in the study as important for changing everyday habits related to work ergonomics and lifestyle. Regular education in the field of workplace ergonomics and health-promoting behaviours should increase the awareness of employees in the healthcare sector and can significantly improve the quality of comfort and functioning during professional activities.