Topical Application of Nanostructures: Solid Lipid, Polymeric and Metallic Nanoparticles

Abstract

Nanoparticles are currently widely used in drug delivery systems due to the possibility for sustained release and the protection of labile groups from degradation, and also because they can pass through biological barriers. Topical application of nanostructures represents a promising route mainly for the treatment of skin diseases and even for cosmetic use, such as in anti-aging formulations. Different types of nanostructures, such as solid lipid, polymeric and metallic nanoparticles, have been widely employed. Depending on the characteristics of the nanostructure, drugs or bioactives can be delivery preferentially to different skin layers. In this chapter, we describe the main methods available for the preparation and characterization of these nanostructures. Examples of topical application are described and their main advantages highlighted. These nanostructures offer a feasible approach to modulating bioactive compounds and controlling drug permea-tion into the skin.