An essential saccharide binding domain for the mAb 2C7 established for Neisseria gonorrhoeae LOS by ES-MS and MS(n)

Abstract

A study of bacterial surface oligosaccharides were investigated among different strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to correlate structural features essential for binding to the MAb 2C7. This epitope is widely expressed and conserved in gonococcal isolates, characteristics essential to an effective candidate vaccine antigen. Sample lipooligosaccharides (LOS), was prepared by a modification of the hot phenol-water method from which de-O-acetylated LOS and oligosaccharide (OS) components were analyzed by ES-MS-CID-MS and ES-MS(n) in a triple quadrupole and an ion trap mass spectrometer, respectively. Previously documented natural heterogeneity was apparent from both LOS and OS preparations which was admixed with fragments induced by hydrazine and mild acid treatment. Natural heterogeneity was limited to phosphorylation and antenni extensions to the α-chain. Mild acid hydrolysis to release OS also hydrolyzed the β(1→6) glycosidic linkage of lipid A. OS structures were determined by collisional and resonance excitation combined with MS and multistep MS(n) which provided sequence information from both neutral loss, and nonreducing terminal fragments. A comparison of OS structures, with earlier knowledge of MAb binding, enzyme treatment, and partial acid hydrolysis indicates a generic overlapping domain for 2C7 binding. Reoccurring structural features include a Hepα(1→3)Hepβ(1→5)KDO trisaccharide core branched on the nonreducing terminus (Hep-2) with an α(1→2) linked GlcNAc (γ-chain), and an α-linked lactose (β-chain) residue. From the central heptose (Hep-1), a β(1→4) linked lactose (α-chain), moiety is required although extensions to this residue appear unnecessary.