Bio-applications of NIR Spectroscopy

Abstract

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy occupies a distinct spot as an investigation tool in bioscience. It gained an ultimate value in several areas of application, e.g., in characterization of plant material, examination of body fluids, exploration of the structure and properties of water and biomolecules in aqueous environment. On the other hand, certain limitations of this technique have been apparent and its full potential seems yet to be unveiled. In recent years, key advancements in technology and methods have pushed the frontier of NIR spectroscopy in bio-applications. Trendsetting studies demonstrated the capacity of NIR spectroscopy to excel in previously unattainable scenarios such as in vivo examination of entire organisms. The advent of miniaturized instrumentation enabled a new spectrum of applications in plantrelated research. Advancements in data analytical methods decisively pushed the limit in interpretability of NIR spectra, enabling better understanding of NIR spectral features of biomolecules. These advancements were accompanied by a continuous refinement of established approaches. This chapter discussed the established applications, current developments and future prospects of NIR spectroscopy in broadly understood bio-applications.