A Nomogram Model Involving Immunohistochemical Markers for Predicting the Recurrence of Stage I-II Endometrial Cancer

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to establish a nomogram combining classical parameters and immunohistochemical markers to predict the recurrence of patients with stage I-II endometrial cancer (EC). Methods: 419 patients with stage I-II endometrial cancer who received primary surgical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were involved in this study as a training cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of screening prognostic factors were performed in the training cohort to develop a nomogram model, which was further validated in 248 patients (validation cohort) from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The calibration curve was used for internal and external verification of the model, and the C-index was used for comparison among different models. Results: There were 51 recurrent cases in the training cohort while 31 cases in the validation cohort. Univariate analysis showed that age, histological type, histological grade, myometrial invasion, cervical stromal invasion, postoperative adjuvant treatment, and four immunohistochemical makers (Ki67, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, P53) were the related factors for recurrence of EC. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that histological type (P = 0.029), myometrial invasion (P = 0.003), cervical stromal invasion (P = 0.001), Ki67 (P < 0.001), ER (P = 0.009) and P53 expression (P = 0.041) were statistically correlated with recurrence of EC. Recurrence-free survival was better predicted by the proposed nomogram with a C-index of 0.832 (95% CI, 0.752–0.912) in the training cohort, and the validation set confirmed the finding with a C-index of 0.861 (95% CI, 0.755–0.967). Conclusion: The nomogram model combining classical parameters and immunohistochemical markers can better predict the recurrence in patients with FIGO stage I-II EC.