A general analysis of the impact of digitization in microwave correlation radiometers

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Abstract

This study provides a general framework to analyze the effects on correlation radiometers of a generic quantization scheme and sampling process. It reviews, unifies and expands several previous works that focused on these effects separately. In addition, it provides a general theoretical background that allows analyzing any digitization scheme including any number of quantization levels, irregular quantization steps, gain compression, clipping, jitter and skew effects of the sampling period. © 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Figures

  • Figure 1. Generic analog-to-digital transfer function. The function plotted has compression gain and different steps in analog and digitized domains.
  • Figure 2. Relationship between the non-linear and the ideal correlation for different digitization schemes.
  • Figure 3. Root mean square error and ADC span window relationship for different equally spaced quantification levels.
  • Table 1. Summary of the critical design parameter VADC/σx,y. Relationship between its optimal configuration and the minimum root mean square error obtained for some quantization schemes.
  • Figure 4. Minimum root mean square errors for different quantization levels, it decreases following an exponential trend, (a) RMSE decreasing vs. the quantization levels, and (b) RMSE in a semi-log axis decreasing vs. the number of bits.
  • Figure 5. Root mean square error for different levels and different spaced quantification levels, (a) 7 quantization levels, and (b) 15 quantization levels.
  • Figure 6. Effect of the quantization on the cross-correlation spectrum, (a) ideal cross-correlation ( ) and cross-correlation for different quantization levels, and (b) their corresponding spectrum.
  • Table 2. Summary of the spectrum distortion and spread for VADC = 5σx,y and different quantization schemes.

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CITATION STYLE

APA

Bosch-Lluis, X., Ramos-Perez, I., Camps, A., Rodriguez-Alvarez, N., Valencia, E., & Park, H. (2011). A general analysis of the impact of digitization in microwave correlation radiometers. Sensors, 11(6), 6066–6087. https://doi.org/10.3390/s110606066

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