The effect on diesel injector wear, and exhaust emissions by using ultralow sulphur diesel blending with biofuels

Abstract

To extend the engine life and to reduce exhaust pollution in diesel engines, lubrication properties were compared between the biodiesel blends and pure petroleum diesel. The biodiesel was used as lubricating additives on pure petroleum diesel at five different concentrations of 0 mass%, 10 mass%, 20 mass%, 50 mass% and 100 mass%, biodiesel blends were named B0, B10, B20, B50 and B100 biodiesel blends, respectively. The analysis was performed in three steps. First, the injection of biodiesel in the diesel engine channel was simulated. Second, tribological experiments were performed using ball-on-ring contact method. The wear scar diameters and wear surfaces of the tribopairs were then analyzed. The third step was comparison of biodiesel blends and pure petroleum diesel in terms of engine exhaust emitted by a turbocharged diesel engine. The wear experiments showed that a small addition of biodiesel to pure petroleum diesel can considerably reduce friction and wear under boundary lubrication. The third tests apply four biodiesel fuel additives on the engine performance, and exhaust emissions results are compared to the baseline (pure petroleum diesel) case. Results show that the fuel consumption is increased by 11.8% for the biodiesel case, the engine combustion temperature can be increased by 2.49% for the biodiesel case; the O 2 emission can be increased by 12.85%; smoke emissions can be reduced up to 15.89%. Thus, the biodiesel additives can be applied in the diesel fuel to upgrade the engine performance.