Energy management systems for microgrids

Abstract

Energy management system (EMS) has a vital role in the operation of a microgrid (MG) in the hourly or minute-by-minute time-scales. EMS coordinates with the other systems such as advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), maintenance scheduling, outage management, distribution management, and weather forecasting systems to gather an extensive amount of data on a real-time horizon. The gathered data is precisely processed to generate appropriate control signals to achieve the predetermined economic or technical goals. However, it is a hierarchical decision making including daily, hourly, and real-time scheduling. In this chapter, the performance of EMS is analyzed in both normal state and contingency conditions. Normal operation mainly focuses on economic aspects, whilst in the contingency state, EMS should guarantee the security of the system. This chapter presents a conceptual explanation on this topic along with the mathematical modelling and some examples.