The theory of the torque balance method for azimuthal anchoring energy measurements is investigated in detail under a general case of anchoring strength relationships between two substrates and a generalized relationship equation is deduced. As an example, azimuthal anchoring energies of several polyimide (PI) materials in magnetically aligned twisted-nematic (TN) cells are determined and the experimental results are discussed. © 1999 Publication Board, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics.
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Zhou, Y., He, Z., & Sato, S. (1999). Generalized relation theory of torque balance method for azimuthal anchoring measurements. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers, 38(8 B), 4857–4858. https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.38.4857