Low temperature consequence on structural and impedance properties of BST ceramics via sol-hydrothermal method

Abstract

The quest for an efficient, reproducible and ecologically innocuous synthesis process to control the crystallinity and particle morphology of nanomaterials is still a huge challenge. In this paper, low temperature synthesis process was used to study the lead-free Ba1-xSrxTiO3 ceramics. Rietveld Refinement technique of XRD patterns reveal that the substitution of Sr2+ did not affect the tetragonal symmetry of the Ba1-xSrxTiO3 ceramics. SEM images corroborate the doping effect on the structural growth in the presence of low temperature. Dielectric study is indicating the huge scope in the wide temperature range. Impedance spectroscopy plots exhibit two semi-circles, which confirm the existence of grain and grain boundaries contribution in the samples. The bulk resistance in the Nyquist plot decreased as the value of temperature increased, showing a typical semiconducting property, i.e., negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior at high temperature.