Congenital Clubfoot: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Although clubfoot (Congenital talipes equinovarus) is one of the most common congenital abnormalities affecting the lower limb with an incidence of one to two per 1000 live births, it remains a challenge not only to understand its genetic origins but also to provide effective longterm treatment. Its etiology remains a conundrum. It is increasingly being diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound with implications for prenatal counselling. The aim of the treatment is to obtain a painless and functional foot. Conservative treatment with Ponseti method of clubfoot is wellaccepted and has been reported to result in good correction ranging from as low as 50% to as high as 90%. Surgical treatment is indicated only after failure of conservative methods, with limited release also known as “a la carte” release.