Rhizomes of Rumex abyssinicus Jacq.: Unveiling five new anthraquinones (Rumabynosides A-E) and a review on hepatoprotective potential of its phytochemicals

Abstract

Five hitherto unreported anthraquinone glycoside derivatives, rumabynosides A–E (1–5), along with twenty previously reported compounds, were isolated from the rhizomes of Rumex abyssinicus. Three of these new anthraquinones carried an uncommon substituent (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroyl) attached to the sugar moiety. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D NMR (1H and 13C NMR) and 2D NMR (HSQC, COSY, HMBC, NOESY) analyses. A literature survey revealed hepatoprotective activities of some of the isolated compounds, thus adding weight to the wide use of this plant against various liver diseases in traditional medicine.