The importance of EGFR as a biomarker in molecular apocrine breast cancer

Abstract

Molecular apocrine breast cancer (MABC) is a molecular subtype with a poor prognosis, and there is urgent need to find new therapeutic targets. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important part in regulating the biological behavior of tumor cells, and EGFR-targeted drugs have already been used in therapy for lung and colorectal cancers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the significance of EGFR expression in MABC. A total of 400 patients with invasive breast cancer were analyzed, including 200 MABC and 200 non-MABC cases. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were carried out to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, androgen receptor (AR), EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and other biomarkers. Two hundred twelve (53%) cases were positive for EGFR expression, including 173 MABC and 39 non-MABC cases. EGFR expression was positively associated with AR expression in MABC, as well as with more advanced tumor stage and high Ki67 expression. Patients with EGFR expression had worse outcomes than those without. As a prognosis biomarker, EGFR was significantly associated with poorer clinical outcomes, and the co-expression of EGFR and HER2 often predicted worse outcomes in MABC. This study suggests that the identification of new targets such as HER2 and EGFR may help with assessing the prognosis of patients with MABC. Using both AR and EGFR as therapeutic targets may be especially important in MABC and may help to guide the choice of suitable treatments for individual breast cancer patients.