Stillbirth and Associated Factors Among Women Who Gave Birth at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Stillbirth, which accounts for half of all the perinatal mortality, is not counted on policy, program, and investment agendas around the globe. It has been underestimated public health burden, particularly in developing countries. Ethiopia is among the top countries with a large prevalence of stillbirth in the world. However, there is a dearth of study on the current magnitude of stillbirth in the study area. Therefore, this study intended to assess the prevalence of stillbirth and its associated factors to bridge the gap. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted from 1 to 28 February 2019 and data were collected by reviewing the chart records of all the women who gave birth in the past 2 years (January 2016 to December 2018) at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.2.0.0 software and transported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, and SDs were generated. Determinants of stillbirth were analyzed using a binary logistic regression and presented by adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% CI. Results: The prevalence of stillbirth was 14.5% (95% CI: 11.7%, 17.6%). Low birth weight (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.23–4.76), prematurity (AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.10–4.01), premature rupture of membranes (AOR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.14–3.77), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR = 3.33, 95% CI: 1.66–6.67), obstructed labor (AOR = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.48–5.56), and preeclampsia (AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.28–6.62) were an independently associated with stillbirth. Conclusion: The prevalence of stillbirth in this study was high. Low birth weight, preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes, antepartum hemorrhage, obstructed labor, and preeclampsia were independently associated with a stillbirth. Therefore, much study is needed involving different stakeholders to reduce stillbirths by improving the health status of women through the provision of quality maternal care including referral systems.