Review of Various Impacts of Climate Change in South Asia Region, Specifically Pakistan

Abstract

Climate change is a dire and increasing crisis worldwide in South Asian region, especially Pakistan. This region is highly vulnerable to climate change, while awareness of climate change issues and adaptation strategies is very low. Pakistan faces a perpetual threat in its ecosystem, biodiversity, and oceans. Much of the country’s threats stem from poverty, a lack of financial resources, and natural disasters. Pakistan endures ongoing seasonal changes, including extreme climate events, an ongoing shortage of water, pest diseases, human health issues, and more. The country has a low adaptive capacity to these threats, given its ongoing economic struggles and varying living conditions from season to season. The likely effects of climate change on the common Pakistani citizens are devastating, especially for local animals like lions, tortoises, dolphins, and vultures. These animals, regardless of their small global impact, will face extinction. In fact, the effects on local people, such as the per capita impact on global greenhouse gas emissions, are severe. The findings of this review support the theory that GHG emissions cause climate change. The effects of this global phenomenon have been seen in Pakistan in agriculture, livestock, precipitation and temperature trends and patterns, food and energy reliability, water resources, and community. According to a recent sectorial assessment, this review evaluates climate change alleviation and adaptation techniques in the sectors mentioned above, which caused a huge economic loss in Pakistan every year. A new study finds that governmental intervention is necessary for recent climate policy development. The research suggested that strict accountability of resources and regulatory actions are vital to creating climate policy.