Soil rhizobacteria regulating the uptake of nutrients and undesirable elements by Plants

Abstract

Numerous rhizosphere bacteria are known to be beneficial for plant growth. Such bacterial species are generally recognized as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. In this chapter, different mechanisms are discussed by which, depending on the specific conditions, plants benefit from growth and development of rhizobacterial population. Such mechanisms directly or indirectly influence plant growth and development. Direct mechanisms are related to phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, iron chelation, production of phytohormones, and degradation of ethylene production, while the indirect are fitted to suppression of plant phytopathogens and induced systematic resistance in plants. The combination of mechanisms is possible to exist in a habitat where a microbial community composed of plant-growth- promoting rhizobacteria finds suitable niches for development. This chapter also reviews different combinations of mechanisms presented in soils.