How does online formative feedback impact student's motivation and self-directed learning skills during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Abstract

This research aims to prove the influences of online formative feedback on students' motivation and self-directed learning skills in the time of COVID-19. The questionnaire was sent to 645 students who have completed at least seven blended learning courses. They were asked to choose one class to describe the frequencies of assessment activities and their characteristics. The data was analyzed using SPSS and PLS software, showing that online feedback significantly positively impacts student motivation and self-directed learning skills, except for self-assessment. Therefore applying technology in assessment can be a good solution during the pandemic time. The research also implies that the effectiveness of online feedback depends on the way it performs. Thus, the faculties should develop strategies to confirm the assessment's validity and efficiency.