Terrestrial response to eruptive solar flares: Geomagnetic storms

Abstract

During the interval of August 1978-December 1979, 56 unambiguous fast forward shocks were identified using magnetic field and plasma data collected by the ISEE-3 spacecraft. Because this intervaI is at a solar maximum we assume the streams causing these shocks are associated with coronal mass ejections and eruptive solar flares. For these shocks we shall describe the shock-storm relationship for the level of intense storms (~.$i! < -100 nT. Gonzalez and Tsurutani (1987), Tsurutani et al. (1988, 1991) anti Gonzalez et al. (1989) have shown that the ;nain interplarrctary feature associated with intense storms, accompanying the shocks, is the presence of a large-amplitude (< – 10 nT), long-duration (> 3 hours) and negative B, component of the IMF. Thus this review also concentrates on the origin of this type