The evolution of the Svalbard margins: synthesis and new results

Abstract

Recent results from deep seismic profiling as well as measurements of heat flow and gravity have revealed that the Svalbard margin has undergone a complex geological history which largely reflects the plate tectonic evolution of the Greenland Sea (Fram Strait) and the Eurasia Basin. The main structural feature on the western margin is the Hornsund Fault Zone which forms a complex region of continent - ocean transition. On the northern margin the continental basement continues onto the southern Yermak Plateau. This part of the plateau consists of thinned continental crust in contrast to the northern section which was formed during the initial rifting at a triple junction. East of the Yermak Plateau the continent - ocean transition is speculative. However, the substantial swath of crust of unknown origin between anomaly 24 and the suggested boundary could indicate an earlier onset of sea floor spreading than in the Norwegian - Greenland Sea. -Authors